Numerical analysis of o propeller in ground effect

Detailed studies of propeller flows are regaining both interest and significance worldwide, as the number their different design applications (particularly for futuristic urban air vehicles) continues to grow. An additional distinctive characteristic small-scale unmanned vehicles (UAV) propellers is that they meant operate in a wide range (previously considered atypical) operating conditions, including backward flight, flight vicinity obstacles, hard/ground surfaces, etc. These specific requirements raise issue effects ground proximity on aerodynamic performance. This paper computationally investigates around small-scale, custom-made effect. Different distances novel thrust power relations (dependencies) them proposed. In order obtain sufficiently reliable accurate results capture most significant flow features, Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations solved by finite volume method. addition, interesting visualizations presented. Although obtained trend correlates well with conventionally used semi-empirical formula, more realistic estimations small distances. Furthermore, positive rotor performances once again confirmed quantified.